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Behat vs Cypress: What are the differences?
Introduction
Behat and Cypress are both popular automated testing frameworks used for testing web applications. While they share some similarities, there are several key differences that set them apart.
Development Language: Behat is written in PHP, while Cypress is written in JavaScript. This means that developers familiar with PHP may find Behat easier to work with, while those with JavaScript knowledge may prefer Cypress.
Test Execution: Behat follows a behavior-driven development (BDD) approach, where tests are written in a human-readable language called Gherkin. These tests are then executed sequentially. In contrast, Cypress uses a JavaScript-driven approach, where tests are written in JavaScript and executed in a real browser. This allows Cypress to simulate and interact with a web page more accurately.
Cross-browser Testing: Behat supports cross-browser testing by utilizing Selenium WebDriver. This enables tests to run on multiple browsers, but it requires additional setup and configuration. Cypress, on the other hand, comes with its own built-in browser, which means tests can be executed on multiple browsers without any additional setup.
Test Debugging: Cypress provides an interactive test runner that allows for easy debugging. Developers can pause and debug their tests in real-time, making it easier to identify and fix issues. Behat, however, does not offer the same level of interactive debugging capabilities, making it slightly more challenging to diagnose and fix problems.
Test Stability: Cypress has built-in retries and automatic waiting, which helps in stabilizing tests against flaky or slow-loading elements. Behat does not have these built-in features, so developers need to manually implement waiting strategies and retries to ensure test stability.
Community and Ecosystem: Both Behat and Cypress have active and supportive communities. However, Cypress has gained significant popularity in recent years and has a larger ecosystem with a wide range of plugins and integrations. Behat, on the other hand, may have a smaller ecosystem but is still well-established and widely used in the PHP community.
In summary, the key differences between Behat and Cypress lie in their development language, test execution approach, cross-browser testing capabilities, test debugging features, test stability mechanisms, and the size of their respective communities and ecosystems.
In the company I will be building test automation framework and my new company develops apps mainly using AngularJS/TypeScript. I was planning to build Protractor-Jasmine framework but a friend of mine told me about Cypress and heard that its users are very satisfied with it. I am trying to understand the capabilities of Cypress and as the final goal to differentiate these two tools. Can anyone advice me on this in a nutshell pls...
I've used both Protractor and Cypress extensively. Cypress is the easier and more reliable tool, whereas Protractor is the more powerful tool. Your choice of tool should depend on your specific testing needs. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of each tool:
Cypress advantages:
Faster
More reliable (tends to throw fewer intermittent false failures)
Easier to read code (handles promises gracefully)
Cypress disadvantages:
Cannot switch between browser tabs
Cannot switch to iFrames
Cannot specify clicks or keypresses explicitly as if a real user was interacting
Cannot move the mouse to specific co-ordinates
Sometimes has trouble switching between different top-level domains, so not good for testing external links
Cypress is a newer tool with less extensive documentation and less community support
Protractor advantages:
More powerful because it is Selenium-based - it can switch between tabs, it can handle external links to other domains, it can handle iFrames, simulate keypresses and clicks, and move the mouse to specific co-ordinates within the browser.
More extensive community support and documentation
Protractor disadvantages:
Slower and more brittle - in general there is a higher likelihood of cryptic and/or intermittent errors which may cause your tests to fail even though there is nothing wrong with your application
For highly experienced automation engineers, the fundamental "brittle" nature of Selenium can be worked around - it can be reliable but only if you really know what you are doing
Less graceful handling of promises - relies on async/await or .then to manage the order of execution. Therefore it is a bit harder to read the code.
Harder to set up, and the method of setup impacts its reliability. For example, a hub/node configuration where the selenium jar is on a different physical machine than the browser under test will cause unreliability in your tests. Not everyone knows about this type of thing, so it's common to find Selenium frameworks that are set up poorly.
It's probably better to use Cypress if
you're at a smaller company and have a close relationship with developers who can help write hooks or stubs in their code to assist your testing
you don't need to do things like switch between tabs or test links to external top-level domains
It's probably better to use Protractor if
You might need to switch between tabs or test external links to other domains within the scope of your framework
You want to use a more accurate simulation of how a real user interacts with a browser (i.e. click at this location, type these keys)
You're at a company where you won't have any support from developers in writing hooks or stubs to make their code more testable in a less powerful framework like Cypress
Please try Handow, the e2e tool basing on Puppeteer.
Gherkin syntax compatible
Chrome/Chromium orentied, driven by Puppeteer engine
Complete JavaScript programming
Create test suites rapidly without coding (or a little bit), basing on built-in steps library
Schedule test with plans and arrange stories with sequential stages
Fast running, execute story groups in parallel by multi-workers
Built-in single page report render
Cover page view, REST API and cookies test
As we all know testing is an important part of any application. To assist with our testing we are going to use both Cypress and Jest. We feel these tools complement each other and will help us get good coverage of our code. We will use Cypress for our end to end testing as we've found it quite user friendly. Jest will be used for our unit tests because we've seen how many larger companies use it with great success.
Pros of Behat
- BDD Acceptance Testing1
- Easy Ubiquitous language integration reusing code1
Pros of Cypress
- Open source29
- Great documentation22
- Simple usage20
- Fast18
- Cross Browser testing10
- Easy us with CI9
- Npm install cypress only5
- Good for beginner automation engineers2
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Cons of Behat
Cons of Cypress
- Cypress is weak at cross-browser testing21
- Switch tabs : Cypress can'nt support14
- No iFrame support12
- No page object support9
- No multiple domain support9
- No file upload support8
- No support for multiple tab control8
- No xPath support8
- No support for Safari7
- Cypress doesn't support native app7
- Re-run failed tests retries not supported yet7
- No support for multiple browser control7
- $20/user/thread for reports5
- Adobe4
- Using a non-standard automation protocol4
- Not freeware4
- No 'WD wire protocol' support3