C# vs Java vs PHP

Overview

PHP

Stacks147.4K

Followers82.9K

Votes4.6K

GitHub Stars39.6K

Forks8.0K

Java

Stacks148.0K

Followers105.5K

Votes3.7K

Stacks70.1K

Followers46.3K

Votes2.2K

C# vs Java vs PHP: What are the differences?

C#, Java, and PHP are three widely used programming languages that differ in several aspects. This Markdown code presents the key differences between them in a concise format.

Data Types: In C#, Java, and PHP, data types are handled differently. C# and Java are statically typed, which means that variables must be declared with their specific data type before they can be used. On the other hand, PHP is dynamically typed, allowing variables to be assigned different data types dynamically.
Syntax: While C# and Java have similar syntax structures and use curly braces for code blocks, PHP uses dollar signs to denote variables and semicolons to terminate statements. C# and Java also use object-oriented programming concepts and enforce strict coding conventions, whereas PHP allows procedural programming and has a more relaxed coding style.
Platform Dependence: C# and Java are platform-independent languages, which means that programs written in these languages can run on different operating systems without any modifications. On the contrary, PHP is primarily used for web development and is heavily tied to the LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP).
Memory Management: C# and Java use automatic memory management through garbage collection, where the runtime environment handles memory allocation and deallocation. PHP, on the other hand, relies on manual memory management, requiring developers to free up memory manually after use.
Performance: When it comes to performance, C# and Java are considered to have better performance than PHP. This is because C# and Java are compiled languages, whereas PHP is an interpreted language. The compilation process of C# and Java optimizes the code for better execution speed, resulting in faster performance compared to PHP.
Frameworks and Libraries: C# and Java have a vast array of frameworks and libraries available for different purposes such as web development, mobile app development, and more. PHP is renowned for its extensive collection of web development frameworks like Laravel, CodeIgniter, and Symfony, but it lacks the same level of support for other domains like mobile app development.

In Summary, C#, Java, and PHP differ in their handling of data types, syntax, platform dependence, memory management, performance, and availability of frameworks and libraries.

Share your Stack

Help developers discover the tools you use. Get visibility for your team's tech choices and contribute to the community's knowledge.

View Docs

CLI (Node.js)

Manual

Advice on PHP, Java, C#

Nick

Building cool things on the internet 🛠️ at Stream

Sep 5, 2019

Review

I work at Stream and I'm immensely proud of what our team is working on here at the company. Most recently, we announced our Android SDK accompanied by an extensive tutorial for Java and Kotlin. The tutorial covers just about everything you need to know when it comes to using our Android SDK for Stream Chat. The Android SDK touches many features offered by Stream Chat – more specifically, typing status, read state, file uploads, threads, reactions, editing messages, and commands. Head over to https://getstream.io/tutorials/android-chat/ and give it a whirl!

176k views176k

Comments

Ido

Mar 6, 2020

Decided

When developing a new blockchain, we as a team chose Go lang over Java and other candidates, due to Go being (a) natively suited to concurrency - there are primitives in the language itself (goroutines, channels) that really help with reasoning about concurrency (b) super fast - build time, running, testing are all much faster that Java, this gives a far superior developer experience (c) shorter and stricter than Java - code is much shorter (less verbose), and there is usually one good way to do things, and even the code formatter that is bundled with Go is very opinionated - over a short time this makes reading other people's code far smoother than having to deal with different styles.

You should be aware that Go presently (v1.13) lacks Generics.

267k views267k

Comments

Brent

CEO at DEFY Labs

Mar 7, 2020

Decided

Node.js has been growing in popularity, and the ability to access the global pool of Javascript developers is great. There is a decreased amount of effort for people to work across the frontend and backend, and the language itself is easy and works well for many common use cases.

Go was the other serious candidate, but it just hasn't been implemented in as many Production systems yet, and the best Go engineers I've known have been hackers, whereas we're building a robust analytics platform that requires more caution. Type safety is easily added with TypeScript, and NPM is awesomely handy.

369k views369k

Comments

Detailed Comparison

PHP	Java	C#
Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.	Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!	C# (pronounced "See Sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. C# has its roots in the C family of languages and will be immediately familiar to C, C++, Java, and JavaScript programmers.
Statistics
GitHub Stars 39.6K	GitHub Stars -	GitHub Stars -
GitHub Forks 8.0K	GitHub Forks -	GitHub Forks -
Stacks 147.4K	Stacks 148.0K	Stacks 70.1K
Followers 82.9K	Followers 105.5K	Followers 46.3K
Votes 4.6K	Votes 3.7K	Votes 2.2K
Pros & Cons
Pros 954 Large community 820 Open source 767 Easy deployment 488 Great frameworks 387 The best glue on the web Cons 21 So easy to learn, good practices are hard to find 16 Inconsistent API 8 Fragmented community 6 Not secure 3 Hard to debug	Pros 609 Great libraries 446 Widely used 401 Excellent tooling 396 Huge amount of documentation available 334 Large pool of developers available Cons 33 Verbosity 27 NullpointerException 17 Nightmare to Write 16 Overcomplexity is praised in community culture 12 Boiler plate code	Pros 351 Cool syntax 294 Great lambda support 267 Great generics support 212 Language integrated query (linq) 181 Extension methods Cons 15 Poor x-platform GUI support 8 Closed source 7 Requires DllImportAttribute for getting stuff from unma 7 Fast and secure
Integrations
Laravel JavaScript	Spring	.NET

What are some alternatives to PHP, Java, C#?

JavaScript

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

Python

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

Ruby

Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming.

Golang

Go is expressive, concise, clean, and efficient. Its concurrency mechanisms make it easy to write programs that get the most out of multicore and networked machines, while its novel type system enables flexible and modular program construction. Go compiles quickly to machine code yet has the convenience of garbage collection and the power of run-time reflection. It's a fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.

Scala

Scala is an acronym for “Scalable Language”. This means that Scala grows with you. You can play with it by typing one-line expressions and observing the results. But you can also rely on it for large mission critical systems, as many companies, including Twitter, LinkedIn, or Intel do. To some, Scala feels like a scripting language. Its syntax is concise and low ceremony; its types get out of the way because the compiler can infer them.

Elixir

Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems, while also being successfully used in web development and the embedded software domain.

Swift

Writing code is interactive and fun, the syntax is concise yet expressive, and apps run lightning-fast. Swift is ready for your next iOS and OS X project — or for addition into your current app — because Swift code works side-by-side with Objective-C.

Rust

Rust is a systems programming language that combines strong compile-time correctness guarantees with fast performance. It improves upon the ideas of other systems languages like C++ by providing guaranteed memory safety (no crashes, no data races) and complete control over the lifecycle of memory.

Clojure

Clojure is designed to be a general-purpose language, combining the approachability and interactive development of a scripting language with an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded programming. Clojure is a compiled language - it compiles directly to JVM bytecode, yet remains completely dynamic. Clojure is a dialect of Lisp, and shares with Lisp the code-as-data philosophy and a powerful macro system.

Related Comparisons

Bootstrap vs Materialize

Django vs Laravel vs Node.js

Bootstrap vs Foundation vs Material UI

Node.js vs Spring-Boot

Flyway vs Liquibase

C# vs Java vs PHP: What are the differences?

C#, Java, and PHP are three widely used programming languages that differ in several aspects. This Markdown code presents the key differences between them in a concise format.

Data Types: In C#, Java, and PHP, data types are handled differently. C# and Java are statically typed, which means that variables must be declared with their specific data type before they can be used. On the other hand, PHP is dynamically typed, allowing variables to be assigned different data types dynamically.
Syntax: While C# and Java have similar syntax structures and use curly braces for code blocks, PHP uses dollar signs to denote variables and semicolons to terminate statements. C# and Java also use object-oriented programming concepts and enforce strict coding conventions, whereas PHP allows procedural programming and has a more relaxed coding style.
Platform Dependence: C# and Java are platform-independent languages, which means that programs written in these languages can run on different operating systems without any modifications. On the contrary, PHP is primarily used for web development and is heavily tied to the LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP).
Memory Management: C# and Java use automatic memory management through garbage collection, where the runtime environment handles memory allocation and deallocation. PHP, on the other hand, relies on manual memory management, requiring developers to free up memory manually after use.
Performance: When it comes to performance, C# and Java are considered to have better performance than PHP. This is because C# and Java are compiled languages, whereas PHP is an interpreted language. The compilation process of C# and Java optimizes the code for better execution speed, resulting in faster performance compared to PHP.
Frameworks and Libraries: C# and Java have a vast array of frameworks and libraries available for different purposes such as web development, mobile app development, and more. PHP is renowned for its extensive collection of web development frameworks like Laravel, CodeIgniter, and Symfony, but it lacks the same level of support for other domains like mobile app development.

In Summary, C#, Java, and PHP differ in their handling of data types, syntax, platform dependence, memory management, performance, and availability of frameworks and libraries.