C++ vs Clojure

Overview

Clojure

Stacks1.9K

Followers1.4K

Votes1.1K

GitHub Stars10.7K

Forks1.5K

C++

Stacks18.2K

Followers9.4K

Votes866

C++ vs Clojure: What are the differences?

Introduction: C++ and Clojure are two different programming languages that exhibit distinct features and characteristics. Here, we will highlight the key differences between C++ and Clojure.

Syntax and Paradigm: C++ is a statically-typed, multi-paradigm language that supports imperative, object-oriented, and generic programming. On the other hand, Clojure is a dynamically-typed, functional programming language. It follows a Lisp-like syntax with its focus on immutability and functional programming concepts like higher-order functions and lazy sequences.
Memory Management: In C++, memory management is manual, and the programmer is responsible for allocating and freeing memory explicitly using techniques like manual resource acquisition and release (RAII). In contrast, Clojure features automatic memory management and garbage collection, relieving the programmer from the burden of memory management.
Concurrency: While both languages support concurrent programming, C++ relies primarily on low-level primitives like threads and locks. Clojure, being a functional programming language, provides built-in support for concurrency with its emphasis on immutable data structures and the use of software transactional memory (STM) for managing shared state.
Type System: C++ has a static type system, requiring explicit type declarations, and provides the programmer with finer control over memory and performance optimizations. Clojure, on the other hand, features a dynamic type system, where variables do not have static types and can hold values of any type. Its dynamic nature allows for flexibility and easier code exploration and development.
Tooling and Development Environment: C++ boasts a mature ecosystem with a wide range of tools, libraries, and IDE support available, catering to various operating systems and platforms. Clojure, while being highly extensible, has a relatively smaller ecosystem compared to C++, with fewer IDE choices and libraries available.
Execution Environment: C++ compiles to machine code, making it suitable for performance-critical applications, embedded systems, and operating systems. Clojure, being a dynamically-typed language, is hosted on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or the Common Language Runtime (CLR), which allows it to leverage existing Java or .NET libraries and provides portability across different platforms.

In summary, C++ is a statically-typed, multi-paradigm language with manual memory management and a rich ecosystem, while Clojure is a dynamically-typed, functional language with automatic memory management and a smaller tooling footprint.

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Advice on Clojure, C++

Alexandre

Founder & Developper at Finance D

Jul 1, 2021

Decided

I had a goal to create the simplest accounting software for Mac and Windows to help small businesses in Canada.

This led me to a long 2 years of exploration of the best language that could provide these features:

Great overall productivity
International wide-spread usage for long-term sustainability and easy to find documentation
Versatility for creating websites and desktop softwares
Enjoyable developper experience
Ability to create good looking modern UIs
Job openings with this language

I tried Python, Java, C# and C++ without finding what I was looking for.

When I discovered Javascript, I really knew it was the right language to use. Thinking of this today makes me realize even more how great a decision this has been to learn, use and master Javascript. It has been a fun, challenging and productive road on which I am still satisfied.

Obviously, when I refer to Javascript, it is not without implying the vast ecosystem around it. For me, JS is a whole universe in which almost every imaginable tools exist. It's awesome - for real. Thanks to all the contributors which have made it possible.

To be even clearer about how intense I am with Javascript, let's just say that my first passion was music. Until, I find coding with Javascript! Yep, I know!

So in conclusion, I chose Javascript because it is versatile, enjoyable, widely used, productive for both desktop softwares and websites with ability to create modern great looking user interfaces (assuming HTML and CSS are involved) and finally there are job openings.

399k views399k

Comments

Rachel

Nov 24, 2020

Needs adviceon

JavaScript

Python

C++

Hi, I'm just starting to learn code, and I stumbled upon this website. I think I should learn JavaScript, Python, and C++ to begin with. I'm a quick learner so I am only worried about what would be more useful. Suppose my goal is to build an online clothing store or something. Then what languages would be best? I need advice. Please help me out. I'm 13 and just beginning and it's hard to understand when people use technical terms so please keep it simple. Thanks a lot.

292k views292k

Comments

Xiang

Feb 23, 2021

Decided

Python has become the most popular language for machine learning right now since almost all machine learning tools provide service for this language, and it is really to use since it has many build-in objects like Hashtable. In C, you need to implement everything by yourself.

C++ is one of the most popular programming languages in graphics. It has many fancy libraries like eigen to help us process matrix. I have many previous projects about graphics based on C++ and this time, we also need to deal with graphics since we need to analyze movements of the human body. C++ has much more advantages than Java. C++ uses only compiler, whereas Java uses compiler and interpreter in both. C++ supports both operator overloading and method overloading whereas Java only supports method overloading. C++ supports manual object management with the help of new and delete keywords whereas Java has built-in automatic garbage collection.

381k views381k

Comments

Detailed Comparison

Clojure	C++
Clojure is designed to be a general-purpose language, combining the approachability and interactive development of a scripting language with an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded programming. Clojure is a compiled language - it compiles directly to JVM bytecode, yet remains completely dynamic. Clojure is a dialect of Lisp, and shares with Lisp the code-as-data philosophy and a powerful macro system.	C++ compiles directly to a machine's native code, allowing it to be one of the fastest languages in the world, if optimized.
Statistics
GitHub Stars 10.7K	GitHub Stars -
GitHub Forks 1.5K	GitHub Forks -
Stacks 1.9K	Stacks 18.2K
Followers 1.4K	Followers 9.4K
Votes 1.1K	Votes 866
Pros & Cons
Pros 118 It is a lisp 101 Concise syntax 100 Persistent data structures 90 jvm-based language 89 Concurrency Cons 11 Cryptic stacktraces 5 Need to wrap basically every java lib 4 Toxic community 3 Good code heavily relies on local conventions 3 Tonns of abandonware	Pros 205 Performance 108 Control over memory allocation 99 Cross-platform 98 Fast 85 Object oriented Cons 8 Slow compilation 8 Unsafe 6 Over-complicated 6 Fragile ABI 5 No standard/mainstream dependency management
Integrations
Java	No integrations available

What are some alternatives to Clojure, C++?

JavaScript

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

Python

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

PHP

Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.

Ruby

Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming.

Java

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Golang

Go is expressive, concise, clean, and efficient. Its concurrency mechanisms make it easy to write programs that get the most out of multicore and networked machines, while its novel type system enables flexible and modular program construction. Go compiles quickly to machine code yet has the convenience of garbage collection and the power of run-time reflection. It's a fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.

C#

C# (pronounced "See Sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. C# has its roots in the C family of languages and will be immediately familiar to C, C++, Java, and JavaScript programmers.

Scala

Scala is an acronym for “Scalable Language”. This means that Scala grows with you. You can play with it by typing one-line expressions and observing the results. But you can also rely on it for large mission critical systems, as many companies, including Twitter, LinkedIn, or Intel do. To some, Scala feels like a scripting language. Its syntax is concise and low ceremony; its types get out of the way because the compiler can infer them.

Elixir

Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems, while also being successfully used in web development and the embedded software domain.

Related Comparisons

C++ vs Clojure: What are the differences?

Introduction: C++ and Clojure are two different programming languages that exhibit distinct features and characteristics. Here, we will highlight the key differences between C++ and Clojure.

Syntax and Paradigm: C++ is a statically-typed, multi-paradigm language that supports imperative, object-oriented, and generic programming. On the other hand, Clojure is a dynamically-typed, functional programming language. It follows a Lisp-like syntax with its focus on immutability and functional programming concepts like higher-order functions and lazy sequences.
Memory Management: In C++, memory management is manual, and the programmer is responsible for allocating and freeing memory explicitly using techniques like manual resource acquisition and release (RAII). In contrast, Clojure features automatic memory management and garbage collection, relieving the programmer from the burden of memory management.
Concurrency: While both languages support concurrent programming, C++ relies primarily on low-level primitives like threads and locks. Clojure, being a functional programming language, provides built-in support for concurrency with its emphasis on immutable data structures and the use of software transactional memory (STM) for managing shared state.
Type System: C++ has a static type system, requiring explicit type declarations, and provides the programmer with finer control over memory and performance optimizations. Clojure, on the other hand, features a dynamic type system, where variables do not have static types and can hold values of any type. Its dynamic nature allows for flexibility and easier code exploration and development.
Tooling and Development Environment: C++ boasts a mature ecosystem with a wide range of tools, libraries, and IDE support available, catering to various operating systems and platforms. Clojure, while being highly extensible, has a relatively smaller ecosystem compared to C++, with fewer IDE choices and libraries available.
Execution Environment: C++ compiles to machine code, making it suitable for performance-critical applications, embedded systems, and operating systems. Clojure, being a dynamically-typed language, is hosted on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or the Common Language Runtime (CLR), which allows it to leverage existing Java or .NET libraries and provides portability across different platforms.

C++ vs Clojure

Overview