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C++ vs Flask: What are the differences?
Introduction
This Markdown code provides a comparison between C++ and Flask, highlighting their key differences.
Syntax: C++ is a statically-typed language that uses a curly brace syntax and follows a strict set of rules for variable declaration. On the other hand, Flask is a Python-based web framework that uses a more flexible indentation-based syntax.
Purpose: C++ is a general-purpose programming language designed for system-level programming, while Flask is a micro web framework specifically built for creating web applications.
Memory Management: In C++, developers have direct control over memory management, allowing for manual memory allocation and deallocation using pointers. In Flask, memory management is handled automatically by the Python interpreter using a garbage collector, relieving developers from managing memory manually.
Concurrency Model: C++ provides low-level concurrency support through libraries like pthreads, allowing for multithreading and parallel programming. Flask, being based on Python, uses a Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) that limits concurrent execution, making it less suitable for CPU-bound tasks compared to C++.
Performance: C++ is a compiled language, which makes it highly efficient and allows for fine-tuning of code to achieve optimal performance. Flask, as an interpreted language, is generally slower than C++ and is more suited for rapid development rather than high-performance computing.
Portability: C++ programs can be compiled and run on multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux. Flask, being a Python framework, can also run on these platforms. However, C++ has more control over low-level operations and can achieve better platform-specific optimizations compared to Flask.
Overall, C++ and Flask differ in syntax, purpose, memory management, concurrency model, performance, and portability. While C++ is widely used for system-level programming and offers better performance and control, Flask excels in creating web applications quickly and easily.
My journey to developing REST APIs started with Flask Restful, and I've found it to be enough for the needs of my project back then. Now that I've started investing more time on personal projects, I've yet to decide if I should move to use Django for writing REST APIs. I often see job posts looking for Python+Django developers, but it's usually for full-stack developers. I'm primarily interested in Data Engineering, so most of my web projects are back end.
Should I continue with what I know (Flask) or move on to Django?
If you want to be a Web developer with knowledge in another frontend and NoSql technology, maybe continue with Flask. However, if you want to create very fast solutions to grow up with a new business and merge these with data analysis and other tools, Django is the answer. Basically read more about the service architecture where you feel more comfortable, Microservice or Monolithic, but please will not married with any because they solve issues to different contexts.
Which is the best Python framework for microservices?
We are using Nameko for building microservices in Python. The things we really like are dependency injection and the ease with which one can expose endpoints via RPC over RabbitMQ. We are planning to try a tool that helps us write polyglot microservices and nameko is not super compatible with it. Also, we are a bit worried about the not so good community support from nameko and looking for a python alternate to write microservices.
Bottle is much less bloated and fast. Its built-in templating system is one of the fastest as it compiles the templates in bytecode. Also Bottle has no depenencies, preventing dependency bloat.
I have just started learning Python 3 weeks ago. I want to create a REST API using python. The API will be used to save form data in an Oracle database. The front end is using AngularJS 8 with Angular Material. In python, there are so many frameworks to develop REST APIs.
I am looking for some suggestions which REST framework to choose?
Here are some features I am looking for:
Easy integration and unit testing, like in Angular. We just want to run a command.
Code packaging, like in java maven project we can build and package. I am looking for something which I can push in as an artifact and deploy whole code as a package.
Support for swagger/ OpenAPI
Support for JSON Web Token
Support for test case coverage report
Framework can have features included or can be available by extension. Also, you can suggest a framework other than the ones I have mentioned.
For starters flask provides a beautiful and easy way to create REST APIs. Also its supported by excellent beginner docs as well as a very active community. Another good thing with Flask is its widely available list of plugins which allow you to build as you go. Its also good in performance and can scale to a quite decent level. However, if you are sure your project is going to be fairly big, it would be better to start with Django as it provides a lot of features out of the box and is extremely stable in performance. Both these frameworks have support for Swagger, JWT, Coverage Report although you have to install plugins for them. Deploying both of these are fairly simple and there is huge documentation available. Django has one of the best documentations I have come across. I hope I was able to answer your queries.
As a personal research project I wanted to add post-quantum crypto KEM (key encapsulation) algorithms and new symmetric crypto session algorithms to openssh. I found the openssh code and its channel/context management extremely complex.
Concurrently, I was learning Go. It occurred to me that Go's excellent standard library, including crypto libraries, plus its much safer memory model and string/buffer handling would be better suited to a secure remote shell solution. So I started from scratch, writing a clean-room Go-based solution, without regard for ssh compatibility. Interactive and token-based login, secure copy and tunnels.
Of course, it needs a proper security audit for side channel attacks, protocol vulnerabilities and so on -- but I was impressed by how much simpler a client-server application with crypto and complex terminal handling was in Go.
$ sloc openssh-portable
Languages Files Code Comment Blank Total CodeLns
Total 502 112982 14327 15705 143014 100.0%
C 389 105938 13349 14416 133703 93.5%
Shell 92 6118 937 1129 8184 5.7%
Make 16 468 37 131 636 0.4%
AWK 1 363 0 7 370 0.3%
C++ 3 79 4 18 101 0.1%
Conf 1 16 0 4 20 0.0%
$ sloc xs
Languages Files Code Comment Blank Total CodeLns
Total 34 3658 1231 655 5544 100.0%
Go 19 3230 1199 507 4936 89.0%
Markdown 2 181 0 76 257 4.6%
Make 7 148 4 50 202 3.6%
YAML 1 39 0 5 44 0.8%
Text 1 30 0 7 37 0.7%
Modula 1 16 0 2 18 0.3%
Shell 3 14 28 8 50 0.9%
Pros of C++
- Performance202
- Control over memory allocation106
- Cross-platform97
- Fast96
- Object oriented84
- Industry standard57
- Smart pointers47
- Templates37
- Gui toolkits16
- Raii16
- Generic programming13
- Control13
- Flexibility13
- Metaprogramming11
- Hardcore9
- Simple5
- Full-fledged containers/collections API5
- Many large libraries5
- Performant multi-paradigm language4
- Large number of Libraries4
- Way too complicated3
- Close to Reality1
- Plenty of useful features1
Pros of Flask
- Flexibilty14
- For it flexibility10
- Flexibilty and easy to use9
- Flask8
- User friendly7
- Secured6
- Unopinionated5
- Orm3
- Secure2
- Beautiful code1
- Easy to get started1
- Easy to develop and maintain applications1
- Not JS1
- Easy to use1
- Documentation1
- Python1
- Minimal1
- Lightweight1
- Easy to setup and get it going1
- Perfect for small to large projects with superb docs.1
- Easy to integrate1
- Speed1
- Get started quickly1
- Customizable1
- Simple to use1
- Powerful1
- Rapid development1
- Open source0
- Well designed0
- Productive0
- Awesome0
- Expressive0
- Love it0
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Cons of C++
- Slow compilation8
- Unsafe8
- Over-complicated6
- Fragile ABI6
- No standard/mainstream dependency management5
- Templates mess with compilation units4
- Too low level for most tasks3
- Compile time features are a mess1
- Template metaprogramming is insane1
- Segfaults1
- Unreal engine1
Cons of Flask
- Not JS10
- Context7
- Not fast5
- Don't has many module as in spring1
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