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Haxe vs Rust: What are the differences?
Introduction:
Haxe and Rust are two popular programming languages, each with its own unique features and use cases. While Haxe focuses on cross-platform development, Rust is known for its emphasis on system programming and memory safety. In this article, we will discuss the key differences between Haxe and Rust.
Language Paradigm: Haxe is a multi-paradigm language that supports object-oriented programming, functional programming, and declarative programming. It allows developers to choose the programming style that best suits their needs. On the other hand, Rust is a systems programming language that is focused on safety, speed, and concurrency. It does not support object-oriented programming and encourages a more functional and procedural approach.
Compilation Process: Haxe is an interpreted language that compiles to various target platforms, including JavaScript, C++, and Flash. This makes it easy to develop cross-platform applications using a single codebase. Rust, on the other hand, is a compiled language that produces standalone executables or shared libraries. It is designed to provide low-level control over system resources and memory management.
Memory Management: Haxe uses garbage collection for memory management, which automatically deallocates objects that are no longer in use. This simplifies memory management for developers, but it can lead to occasional performance issues. Rust, on the other hand, uses a unique ownership system and strict borrowing rules to ensure memory safety without the need for garbage collection. This allows developers to write low-level code with minimal runtime overhead.
Concurrency and Parallelism: Haxe provides built-in support for concurrent and parallel programming through its Actor implementation. It allows developers to write asynchronous and parallel code using lightweight processes. Rust, on the other hand, has a strong focus on safe concurrency and provides several tools and abstractions, such as threads and the
async/awaitsyntax, to write concurrent and parallel code safely.Community and Ecosystem: Haxe has a smaller community compared to Rust but still offers a rich ecosystem of libraries and frameworks. It is often used for game development, web development, and cross-platform mobile app development. Rust, on the other hand, has a rapidly growing community and a strong focus on developer tooling and documentation. It is commonly used for systems programming, networking, and embedded development.
Learning Curve: Haxe has a relatively low learning curve, especially for developers familiar with object-oriented programming languages. Its syntax is similar to languages like ActionScript and JavaScript, making it easy to pick up. Rust, on the other hand, has a steeper learning curve due to its strict ownership and borrowing rules. It requires a thorough understanding of memory management and concurrency concepts to write safe and efficient code.
In summary, Haxe is a versatile language that excels in cross-platform development, while Rust provides a safe and performant environment for systems programming.
So, I've been working with all 3 languages JavaScript, Python and Rust, I know that all of these languages are important in their own domain but, I haven't took any of it to the point where i could say I'm a pro at any of these languages. I learned JS and Python out of my own excitement, I learned rust for some IoT based projects. just confused which one i should invest my time in first... that does have Job and freelance potential in market as well...
I am an undergraduate in computer science. (3rd Year)
I would start focusing on Javascript because even working with Rust and Python, you're always going to encounter some Javascript for front-ends at least. It has: - more freelancing opportunities (starting to work short after a virus/crisis, that's gonna help) - can also do back-end if needed (I would personally avoid specializing in this since there's better languages for the back-end part) - hard to avoid. it's everywhere and not going away (well not yet)
Then, later, for back-end programming languages, Rust seems like your best bet. Its pros: - it's satisfying to work with (after the learning curve) - it's got potential to grow big in the next year (also with better paying jobs) - it's super versatile (you can do high-perf system stuff, graphics, ffi, as well as your classic api server) It comes with a few cons though: - it's harder to learn (expect to put in years) - the freelancing options are virtually non-existent (and I would expect them to stay limited, as rust is better for long-term software than prototypes)
I suggest you to go with JavaScript. From my perspective JavaScript is the language you should invest your time in. The community of javascript and lots of framework helps developer to build what they want to build in no time whether it a desktop, web, mobile based application or even you can use javascript as a backend as well. There are lot of frameworks you can start learning i suggest you to go with (react,vue) library both are easy to learn than angular which is a complete framework.
And if you want to go with python as a secondary tool then i suggest you to learn a python framework (Flask,Django).
I chose Golang as a language to write Tango because it's super easy to get started with. I also considered Rust, but learning curve of it is much higher than in Golang. I felt like I would need to spend an endless amount of time to even get the hello world app working in Rust. While easy to learn, Golang still shows good performance, multithreading out of the box and fun to implement.
I also could choose PHP and create a phar-based tool, but I was not sure that it would be a good choice as I want to scale to be able to process Gbs of access log data
Pros of Haxe
- [object Object]0
Pros of Rust
- Guaranteed memory safety145
- Fast132
- Open source88
- Minimal runtime75
- Pattern matching71
- Type inference63
- Concurrent57
- Algebraic data types56
- Efficient C bindings47
- Practical43
- Best advances in languages in 20 years37
- Safe, fast, easy + friendly community32
- Fix for C/C++30
- Stablity25
- Zero-cost abstractions24
- Closures23
- Extensive compiler checks20
- Great community20
- Async/await18
- No NULL type18
- Completely cross platform: Windows, Linux, Android15
- No Garbage Collection15
- High-performance14
- Great documentations14
- Super fast12
- High performance12
- Generics12
- Guaranteed thread data race safety11
- Safety no runtime crashes11
- Macros11
- Fearless concurrency11
- Compiler can generate Webassembly10
- Helpful compiler10
- RLS provides great IDE support9
- Prevents data races9
- Easy Deployment9
- Painless dependency management8
- Real multithreading8
- Good package management7
- Support on Other Languages5
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Cons of Haxe
Cons of Rust
- Hard to learn28
- Ownership learning curve24
- Unfriendly, verbose syntax12
- High size of builded executable4
- Many type operations make it difficult to follow4
- No jobs4
- Variable shadowing4
- Use it only for timeoass not in production1
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