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Julia vs Swift: What are the differences?
Key differences between Julia and Swift
Julia and Swift are both high-level programming languages designed for different purposes. While Julia focuses on numerical and scientific computing, Swift is mainly used for iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS app development. Below are the key differences between these two languages:
Syntax and Code Structure: Julia and Swift have different syntax and code structures. Julia uses a dynamic and flexible syntax, similar to Python, while Swift has a more rigid and strict syntax, influenced by C and Objective-C. Swift uses braces {} for code blocks and has strict type checking, whereas Julia supports multiple dispatch and allows more flexible code structures.
Performance: Julia is known for its high-performance computing capabilities. It uses just-in-time (JIT) compilation and allows for efficient handling of numerical and scientific computations. On the other hand, Swift focuses more on app development and provides optimizations specific to iOS platforms, making it well-suited for building fast and responsive applications.
Community and Ecosystem: Swift has a larger and more established community compared to Julia. It is backed by Apple and has extensive documentation, libraries, and developer resources. Julia, although growing rapidly, has a relatively smaller community and a more limited ecosystem. However, Julia has gained popularity in the scientific computing domain and is known for its active development and innovation.
Platform Compatibility: Swift is primarily used for building applications for Apple platforms, such as iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS. It is tightly integrated with Apple frameworks and technologies. Julia, on the other hand, is a general-purpose language and can be used on various platforms, including Windows, macOS, and different Linux distributions.
Type System: Both Julia and Swift have different approaches to handling types. Swift has a strong static type system, allowing for safer code and improved performance optimizations. Julia, on the other hand, has a dynamic type system that provides more flexibility in coding. Julia allows for multiple dispatch, which means that functions can have different behaviors based on the types of arguments.
Use Cases: Julia is primarily used for mathematical, statistical, and scientific computing. It is well-suited for data analysis, simulations, and computational research. Swift, on the other hand, is specifically designed for building applications and is widely used in iOS app development. It provides extensive support for user interface creation, frameworks, and APIs to build feature-rich applications.
In summary, Julia and Swift differ in their syntax, performance characteristics, community support, platform compatibility, type systems, and primary use cases. Julia is focused on scientific computing, while Swift is designed for app development on Apple platforms.
Hey guys, I learned the basics (OOP, data structures & some algorithms) with Python, but now I want to learn iOS development. I am considering to learn Swift, but I am afraid how the native mobile development will die out because of the cross-platform frameworks and reviews. My idea is to learn web development first and then learn React Native, and after all of that, finally Swift. What do you think about this roadmap? Should I just learn Swift first due to the pros of the native apps?
Native apps are not going to die. Especially not Swift because now Swift can be used to develop cross platform macOS and iOS apps due to the new macs having M1 chips.
If asking about employment opportunities, native will never die out. There will always be opportunity for work in native mobile applications. There are also many advantages of using native over cross platform such as always having access to the latest APIs and developer libraries that may not be available to cross-platform without some native development involved or can wait until someone develops a bridge for you.
If you are asking about what you should develop with first? It really depends. React-Native is great for building proto-types or basic MVP application that doesn't require any of the latest and greatest features Apple has to offer at the moment. But if you're asking what to learn? I would say native will always give you a larger advantage as it will give you a good foundation in mobile development and provide you access to the latest native libraries. It is also a useful skill that can give you an edge in cross-platform mobile like react-native because you will most definitely encounter a situation where you will have to go down to the to native side to extend functionality or utilize APIs that are not yet out of the box.
"Should I just learn Swift first due to the pros of the native apps?".
React Native builds Native Apps. Technologies like ionic
does NOT build native apps, but React Native does it.
Learning Swift seems to be a really bad idea from my point of view. Learning JavaScript is all what you need. Why? Because then Frontend, Backend, and Mobile Dev, is simple, because it's all JavaScript.
The decision comes down to your goals and needs.
If you want to be able to create any kind of iOS app, simple or complex, learn Swift. It's indispensable if you're building specialised apps like video editing, augmented reality, machine learning or anything that uses iOS-specific APIs such as App Clips.
But if you just want to create apps that make HTTP requests and display static content such as text or basic video and music, React Native would do just fine, and you can publish the same code to Android. This is a no-brainer choice if you're on a low budget.
And if you know both, you can use both in the same app. You can add React Native screens or components inside a Swift app.
I would suggest to bet more on Swift! I have developed act in React and Javascript in the past and played around with Swift a little... the performances of native code vs Javascript are way too slow compared to swift native app!
Now even more than ever M1 chip will give a boost, but if it gives a boost to JS it will give a boost also to native apps. I would seriously consider Swift more than Javascript, React or even Electron!
Mobile Native Development Apps will never die. Cross Plataform like React Native only exists to save time and costs for startups mainly, which is extraordinary, and indispensable often of course. But when the App get popular enough, it will probably will move to Native Development. Several improvements.
Less than 20% of the market is IOS, the rest is Android. Any developer must produce for Android and maybe support IOS. If you prototype on IOS you have to restart again for Android. React and JavaScript will run on IOS.
After writing a project in Julia we decided to stick with Kotlin. Julia is a nice language and has superb REPL support, but poor tooling and the lack of reproducibility of the program runs makes it too expensive to work with. Kotlin on the other hand now has nice Jupyter support, which mostly covers REPL requirements.
Pros of Julia
- Fast Performance and Easy Experimentation25
- Designed for parallelism and distributed computation22
- Free and Open Source19
- Dynamic Type System17
- Calling C functions directly17
- Multiple Dispatch16
- Lisp-like Macros16
- Powerful Shell-like Capabilities10
- Jupyter notebook integration10
- REPL8
- String handling4
- Emojis as variable names4
- Interoperability3
Pros of Swift
- Ios259
- Elegant180
- Not Objective-C126
- Backed by apple107
- Type inference93
- Generics61
- Playgrounds54
- Semicolon free49
- OSX38
- Tuples offer compound variables36
- Clean Syntax24
- Easy to learn24
- Open Source22
- Beautiful Code21
- Functional20
- Dynamic12
- Linux12
- Protocol-oriented programming11
- Promotes safe, readable code10
- No S-l-o-w JVM9
- Explicit optionals8
- Storyboard designer7
- Optionals6
- Type safety6
- Super addicting language, great people, open, elegant5
- Best UI concept5
- Its friendly4
- Highly Readable codes4
- Fail-safe4
- Powerful4
- Faster and looks better4
- Swift is faster than Objective-C4
- Feels like a better C++4
- Easy to learn and work3
- Much more fun3
- Protocol extensions3
- Native3
- Its fun and damn fast3
- Strong Type safety3
- Easy to Maintain3
- Protocol as type2
- All Cons C# and Java Swift Already has2
- Esay2
- MacOS2
- Type Safe2
- Protocol oriented programming2
- Can interface with C easily1
- Actually don't have to own a mac1
- Free from Memory Leak1
- Swift is easier to understand for non-iOS developers.1
- Numbers with underbar1
- Optional chain1
- Great for Multi-Threaded Programming1
- Runs Python 8 times faster1
- Objec1
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Cons of Julia
- Immature library management system5
- Slow program start4
- JIT compiler is very slow3
- Poor backwards compatibility3
- Bad tooling2
- No static compilation2
Cons of Swift
- Must own a mac6
- Memory leaks are not uncommon2
- Very irritatingly picky about things that’s1
- Complicated process for exporting modules1
- Its classes compile to roughly 300 lines of assembly1
- Is a lot more effort than lua to make simple functions1
- Overly complex options makes it easy to create bad code0