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Google Cloud Pub/Sub vs RabbitMQ: What are the differences?
Introduction
In this article, we will discuss the key differences between Google Cloud Pub/Sub and RabbitMQ, two popular messaging systems used for asynchronous communication between applications.
Message Delivery Model: Google Cloud Pub/Sub uses a push-based message delivery model, where messages are automatically pushed to subscribers based on their subscriptions and filters. On the other hand, RabbitMQ uses a pull-based message delivery model, where subscribers need to actively pull messages from the message queue.
Scalability and Availability: Google Cloud Pub/Sub is a fully managed service provided by Google Cloud, which automatically scales to meet the demands of high message throughput and provides high availability with built-in replication and failover mechanisms. In contrast, RabbitMQ requires setting up and managing a cluster of RabbitMQ brokers manually for scalability and availability.
Message Persistence and Durability: In Google Cloud Pub/Sub, messages are automatically persisted and buffered in Google Cloud Storage, providing durability and fault tolerance. RabbitMQ requires explicit configuration for message persistence, and messages are stored on disk within the RabbitMQ server.
Message Ordering: Google Cloud Pub/Sub guarantees at-least-once delivery of messages in the order in which they were published within a single topic, ensuring strict ordering. RabbitMQ can support message ordering, but it requires explicit handling and may introduce some latency compared to Pub/Sub.
Message Acknowledgement: In Google Cloud Pub/Sub, message acknowledgements are handled automatically by the service, ensuring that messages are not reprocessed once they are received and acknowledged. RabbitMQ requires explicit acknowledgement of messages by the consumer, and if not done properly, messages can be redelivered.
Integration with Cloud Services: Google Cloud Pub/Sub seamlessly integrates with other Google Cloud services such as BigQuery, Cloud Storage, and Cloud Functions, making it easier to build and deploy cloud-native applications. RabbitMQ, being a standalone messaging system, does not provide such direct integrations and might require additional effort for integrating with cloud services.
In summary, Google Cloud Pub/Sub and RabbitMQ differ in their message delivery models, scalability and availability features, message persistence and durability mechanisms, message ordering guarantees, handling of message acknowledgements, and integration capabilities with cloud services.
Hello dear developers, our company is starting a new project for a new Web App, and we are currently designing the Architecture (we will be using .NET Core). We want to embark on something new, so we are thinking about migrating from a monolithic perspective to a microservices perspective. We wish to containerize those microservices and make them independent from each other. Is it the best way for microservices to communicate with each other via ESB, or is there a new way of doing this? Maybe complementing with an API Gateway? Can you recommend something else different than the two tools I provided?
We want something good for Cost/Benefit; performance should be high too (but not the primary constraint).
Thank you very much in advance :)
There are many different messaging frameworks available for IPC use. It's not really a question of how "new" the technology is, but what you need it to do. Azure Service Bus can be a great service to use, but it can also take a lot of effort to administrate and maintain that can make it costly to use unless you need the more advanced features it offers for routing, sequencing, delivery, etc. I would recommend checking out this link to get a basic idea of different messaging architectures. These only cover Azure services, but there are many other solutions that use similar architectural models.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/event-grid/compare-messaging-services
We are going to develop a microservices-based application. It consists of AngularJS, ASP.NET Core, and MSSQL.
We have 3 types of microservices. Emailservice, Filemanagementservice, Filevalidationservice
I am a beginner in microservices. But I have read about RabbitMQ, but come to know that there are Redis and Kafka also in the market. So, I want to know which is best.
Kafka is an Enterprise Messaging Framework whereas Redis is an Enterprise Cache Broker, in-memory database and high performance database.Both are having their own advantages, but they are different in usage and implementation. Now if you are creating microservices check the user consumption volumes, its generating logs, scalability, systems to be integrated and so on. I feel for your scenario initially you can go with KAFKA bu as the throughput, consumption and other factors are scaling then gradually you can add Redis accordingly.
I first recommend that you choose Angular over AngularJS if you are starting something new. AngularJs is no longer getting enhancements, but perhaps you meant Angular. Regarding microservices, I recommend considering microservices when you have different development teams for each service that may want to use different programming languages and backend data stores. If it is all the same team, same code language, and same data store I would not use microservices. I might use a message queue, in which case RabbitMQ is a good one. But you may also be able to simply write your own in which you write a record in a table in MSSQL and one of your services reads the record from the table and processes it. The most challenging part of doing it yourself is writing a service that does a good job of reading the queue without reading the same message multiple times or missing a message; and that is where RabbitMQ can help.
I think something is missing here and you should consider answering it to yourself. You are building a couple of services. Why are you considering event-sourcing architecture using Message Brokers such as the above? Won't a simple REST service based arch suffice? Read about CQRS and the problems it entails (state vs command impedance for example). Do you need Pub/Sub or Push/Pull? Is queuing of messages enough or would you need querying or filtering of messages before consumption? Also, someone would have to manage these brokers (unless using managed, cloud provider based solution), automate their deployment, someone would need to take care of backups, clustering if needed, disaster recovery, etc. I have a good past experience in terms of manageability/devops of the above options with Kafka and Redis, not so much with RabbitMQ. Both are very performant. But also note that Redis is not a pure message broker (at time of writing) but more of a general purpose in-memory key-value store. Kafka nowadays is much more than a distributed message broker. Long story short. In my taste, you should go with a minialistic approach and try to avoid either of them if you can, especially if your architecture does not fall nicely into event sourcing. If not I'd examine Kafka. If you need more capabilities than I'd consider Redis and use it for all sorts of other things such as a cache.
We found that the CNCF landscape is a good advisor when working going into the cloud / microservices space: https://landscape.cncf.io/fullscreen=yes. When choosing a technology one important criteria to me is if it is cloud native or not. Neither Redis, RabbitMQ nor Kafka is cloud native. The try to adapt but will be replaced eventually with technologies that are cloud native.
We have gone with NATS and have never looked back. We haven't spend a single minute on server maintainance in the last year and the setup of a cluster is way too easy. With the new features NATS incorporates now (and the ones still on the roadmap) it is already and will be sooo much mure than Redis, RabbitMQ and Kafka are. It can replace service discovery, load balancing, global multiclusters and failover, etc, etc.
Your thought might be: But I don't need all of that! Well, at the same time it is much more leightweight than Redis, RabbitMQ and especially Kafka.
Our backend application is sending some external messages to a third party application at the end of each backend (CRUD) API call (from UI) and these external messages take too much extra time (message building, processing, then sent to the third party and log success/failure), UI application has no concern to these extra third party messages.
So currently we are sending these third party messages by creating a new child thread at end of each REST API call so UI application doesn't wait for these extra third party API calls.
I want to integrate Apache Kafka for these extra third party API calls, so I can also retry on failover third party API calls in a queue(currently third party messages are sending from multiple threads at the same time which uses too much processing and resources) and logging, etc.
Question 1: Is this a use case of a message broker?
Question 2: If it is then Kafka vs RabitMQ which is the better?
RabbitMQ is great for queuing and retrying. You can send the requests to your backend which will further queue these requests in RabbitMQ (or Kafka, too). The consumer on the other end can take care of processing . For a detailed analysis, check this blog about choosing between Kafka and RabbitMQ.
Well, first off, it's good practice to do as little non-UI work on the foreground thread as possible, regardless of whether the requests take a long time. You don't want the UI thread blocked.
This sounds like a good use case for RabbitMQ. Primarily because you don't need each message processed by more than one consumer. If you wanted to process a single message more than once (say for different purposes), then Apache Kafka would be a much better fit as you can have multiple consumer groups consuming from the same topics independently.
Have your API publish messages containing the data necessary for the third-party request to a Rabbit queue and have consumers reading off there. If it fails, you can either retry immediately, or publish to a deadletter queue where you can reprocess them whenever you want (shovel them back into the regular queue).
In my opinion RabbitMQ fits better in your case because you don’t have order in queue. You can process your messages in any order. You don’t need to store the data what you sent. Kafka is a persistent storage like the blockchain. RabbitMQ is a message broker. Kafka is not a good solution for the system with confirmations of the messages delivery.
As far as I understand, Kafka is a like a persisted event state manager where you can plugin various source of data and transform/query them as event via a stream API. Regarding your use case I will consider using RabbitMQ if your intent is to implement service inter-communication kind of thing. RabbitMQ is a good choice for one-one publisher/subscriber (or consumer) and I think you can also have multiple consumers by configuring a fanout exchange. RabbitMQ provide also message retries, message cancellation, durable queue, message requeue, message ACK....
Hello! [Client sends live video frames -> Server computes and responds the result] Web clients send video frames from their webcam then on the back we need to run them through some algorithm and send the result back as a response. Since everything will need to work in a live mode, we want something fast and also suitable for our case (as everyone needs). Currently, we are considering RabbitMQ for the purpose, but recently I have noticed that there is Redis and Kafka too. Could you please help us choose among them or anything more suitable beyond these guys. I think something similar to our product would be people using their webcam to get Snapchat masks on their faces, and the calculated face points are responded on from the server, then the client-side draw the mask on the user's face. I hope this helps. Thank you!
For your use case, the tool that fits more is definitely Kafka. RabbitMQ was not invented to handle data streams, but messages. Plenty of them, of course, but individual messages. Redis is an in-memory database, which is what makes it so fast. Redis recently included features to handle data stream, but it cannot best Kafka on this, or at least not yet. Kafka is not also super fast, it also provides lots of features to help create software to handle those streams.
I've used all of them and Kafka is hard to set up and maintain. Mostly is a Java dinosaur that you can set up and. I've used it with Storm but that is another big dinosaur. Redis is mostly for caching. The queue mechanism is not very scalable for multiple processors. Depending on the speed you need to implement on the reliability I would use RabbitMQ. You can store the frames(if they are too big) somewhere else and just have a link to them. Moving data through any of these will increase cost of transportation. With Rabbit, you can always have multiple consumers and check for redundancy. Hope it clears out your thoughts!
For this kind of use case I would recommend either RabbitMQ or Kafka depending on the needs for scaling, redundancy and how you want to design it.
Kafka's true value comes into play when you need to distribute the streaming load over lot's of resources. If you were passing the video frames directly into the queue then you'd probably want to go with Kafka however if you can just pass a pointer to the frames then RabbitMQ should be fine and will be much simpler to run.
Bear in mind too that Kafka is a persistent log, not just a message bus so any data you feed into it is kept available until it expires (which is configurable). This can be useful if you have multiple clients reading from the queue with their own lifecycle but in your case it doesn't sound like that would be necessary. You could also use a RabbitMQ fanout exchange if you need that in the future.
In addition to being a lot cheaper, Google Cloud Pub/Sub allowed us to not worry about maintaining any more infrastructure that needed.
We moved from a self-hosted RabbitMQ over to CloudAMQP and decided that since we use GCP anyway, why not try their managed PubSub?
It is one of the better decisions that we made, and we can just focus about building more important stuff!
Pros of Google Cloud Pub/Sub
- Easy to set-up and start with9
- A great choice for microservice architecture2
- Efficient and practical for complex systems2
Pros of RabbitMQ
- It's fast and it works with good metrics/monitoring235
- Ease of configuration80
- I like the admin interface60
- Easy to set-up and start with52
- Durable22
- Standard protocols19
- Intuitive work through python19
- Written primarily in Erlang11
- Simply superb9
- Completeness of messaging patterns7
- Reliable4
- Scales to 1 million messages per second4
- Better than most traditional queue based message broker3
- Distributed3
- Supports MQTT3
- Supports AMQP3
- Clear documentation with different scripting language2
- Better routing system2
- Inubit Integration2
- Great ui2
- High performance2
- Reliability2
- Open-source2
- Runs on Open Telecom Platform2
- Clusterable2
- Delayed messages2
- Supports Streams1
- Supports STOMP1
- Supports JMS1
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Cons of Google Cloud Pub/Sub
- Need integration with stackdriver for monitoring2
Cons of RabbitMQ
- Too complicated cluster/HA config and management9
- Needs Erlang runtime. Need ops good with Erlang runtime6
- Configuration must be done first, not by your code5
- Slow4