GraphQL vs GraphQL Ruby vs graphql.js: What are the differences?

## Introduction
GraphQL is a query language for APIs developed by Facebook, designed to provide a more efficient and flexible alternative to REST APIs. GraphQL Ruby is a library for building GraphQL APIs in Ruby, while graphql.js is a JavaScript library for consuming GraphQL APIs.

1. **Syntax**: GraphQL defines a standard syntax for writing queries, mutations, and subscriptions that is independent of the underlying implementation. GraphQL Ruby and graphql.js adhere to this syntax but provide language-specific ways of interacting with GraphQL APIs.
   
2. **Server-Side vs. Client-Side**: GraphQL Ruby is primarily used for building server-side GraphQL APIs in Ruby, handling request parsing, query execution, and response formatting. On the other hand, graphql.js is focused on executing GraphQL queries on the client-side (typically within a web browser or Node.js environment).

3. **Type Safety**: GraphQL Ruby leverages the static typing system of Ruby to enforce schema definitions and type checking at compile time. In contrast, graphql.js, being a dynamic language, does not offer the same level of type safety as GraphQL Ruby.

4. **Performance**: In terms of performance, GraphQL Ruby can optimize query execution by leveraging features specific to the Ruby language, such as memoization and lazy loading. GraphQL.js, being a JavaScript library, may have different performance characteristics depending on the environment it is used in.

5. **Community Support**: Both GraphQL Ruby and graphql.js have active communities contributing to their development and providing support to users. However, the size and specific resources available in each community may vary, influencing the availability of plugins, extensions, and documentation for each library.

6. **Integration Ecosystem**: GraphQL Ruby integrates seamlessly with Ruby web frameworks like Ruby on Rails, making it easy to build GraphQL APIs within existing Ruby applications. graphql.js can be integrated into a wide range of JavaScript frameworks and tools, offering flexibility in how GraphQL is consumed on the client-side.

## Summary
In Summary, the key differences between GraphQL, GraphQL Ruby, and graphql.js lie in their syntax, server-side vs. client-side focus, type safety, performance optimizations, community support, and integration ecosystem.