I would suggest Laravel because it is easy to learn and is made with PHP. The Laravel community is fresh and open to give help to others. The Laravel documentation is concise and there are lots of useful packages ready to be used with your application. It is easy to configure and deploy. It has integrated tools to manage your frontend assets for any frontend framework (vue, react, angular).

The answer sort of depends, but for most projects Laravel is a perfect fit. With Symfony, you typically have to do more of the heavy-lifting yourself which is useful if you need that level of control, but in most cases it is unnecessary. Django is fine, but since you're coming from CodeIgniter you already know PHP and I don't see the need in learning a new language and a new framework simultaneously.