1. Containerization vs. Virtualization: One key difference between LXC and Vagrant is the underlying technology they use. LXC (Linux Containers) is a containerization technology that allows for efficient utilization of resources by sharing the host's kernel among multiple containers. On the other hand, Vagrant uses virtualization technology, such as VirtualBox or VMware, to create fully isolated virtual machines (VMs) with dedicated resources.

2. OS-Level vs. Hypervisor-Level: LXC operates at the operating system (OS) level, allowing each container to run its own isolated Linux user space with shared kernel resources. In contrast, Vagrant works at the hypervisor level, providing complete virtualization of hardware resources including CPU, memory, and storage, enabling the use of different operating systems within the VMs.

3. Lightweight vs. Heavier Footprint: LXC containers are known for their lightweight nature, as they share the host's kernel with minimal overhead. This results in faster startup times, lower memory footprint, and better overall performance. Vagrant, due to its use of full virtualization, has a heavier footprint as it requires the complete replica of the underlying hardware, leading to more resource utilization.

4. Easier Configuration and Management vs. Comprehensive Environment Provisioning: LXC containers can be easily configured and managed using tools like Docker, allowing for quick deployments and scalability. Vagrant, on the other hand, provides a more robust environment provisioning capability. It allows for repeatable setups through the use of configuration files, provision scripts, and support for complex multi-machine setups.

5. Portability vs. Platform-specificity: LXC containers offer high portability as they leverage standard Linux kernel features. This enables containers to run seamlessly across different Linux distributions and versions. In contrast, Vagrant relies on specific hypervisors, making it less portable and more dependent on the availability of compatible hypervisors across different operating systems.

6. Native vs. Cross-Platform Support: LXC is a native containerization technology available on Linux platforms, making it well-integrated with the Linux ecosystem. It leverages Linux namespaces, cgroups, and other features to provide containerization. Vagrant, on the other hand, is a cross-platform tool that supports multiple operating systems, allowing developers to create and manage VMs on various platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.

In summary, the key differences between LXC and Vagrant lie in the technology used (containerization vs. virtualization), the level at which they operate (OS-level vs. hypervisor-level), the lightweight nature of containers compared to VMs, the ease of configuration and management, the portability across different distributions, and the native vs. cross-platform support.