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Amazon S3 vs Cassandra: What are the differences?
Introduction
Amazon S3 and Cassandra are both popular data storage solutions, but they have significant differences in their architecture and use cases. This document aims to provide a concise overview of the key differences between Amazon S3 and Cassandra.
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Data Structure:
- Amazon S3 is an object storage service that stores data in a flat structure, treating each file as an object with a unique key. It is not optimized for complex queries or real-time data processing.
- Cassandra is a distributed NoSQL database that organizes data into a structured column-family model. It allows querying and indexing data across multiple columns and offers high scalability and performance.
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Data Distribution and Replication:
- In Amazon S3, data is stored in multiple data centers across different regions, providing high durability and availability.
- Cassandra is designed for distributed environments and replicates data across multiple nodes for fault tolerance and scalability. It uses a peer-to-peer model for data distribution.
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Data Consistency:
- Amazon S3 provides eventual consistency, where changes made to objects are propagated across the system over time. It may take a few minutes for changes to become consistent.
- Cassandra offers tunable consistency, allowing developers to choose the level of consistency required for each read or write operation. It supports strong consistency for immediate data availability.
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Querying and Indexing:
- Amazon S3 does not provide built-in query capabilities. To retrieve data, you need to know the exact key or use tools like S3 Select or Athena for limited querying.
- Cassandra supports rich querying with its query language (CQL), and you can create secondary indexes on specific columns for efficient searching. It offers flexibility in querying individual records or ranges of records.
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Scalability:
- Amazon S3 automatically scales to accommodate large amounts of data and high request rates. It can store an unlimited number of objects, and the performance remains consistent as you add more data.
- Cassandra's distributed architecture allows it to scale horizontally by adding more nodes to the cluster. It can handle massive amounts of data and high workloads while maintaining low latency.
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Use Cases:
- Amazon S3 is commonly used for backup and archiving, content distribution, and static website hosting. It is well-suited for storing and retrieving large amounts of unstructured data.
- Cassandra is often used for real-time applications, such as messaging platforms, sensor data management, and recommendation systems. It excels in handling write-heavy workloads and provides low-latency access to data.
In summary, Amazon S3 is a highly durable and scalable object storage service optimized for storing large amounts of unstructured data, while Cassandra is a distributed NoSQL database designed for real-time applications with rich querying capabilities, tunable consistency, and high scalability.
Hello! I have a mobile app with nearly 100k MAU, and I want to add a cloud file storage service to my app.
My app will allow users to store their image, video, and audio files and retrieve them to their device when necessary.
I have already decided to use PHP & Laravel as my backend, and I use Contabo VPS. Now, I need an object storage service for my app, and my options are:
Amazon S3 : It sounds to me like the best option but the most expensive. Closest to my users (MENA Region) for other services, I will have to go to Europe. Not sure how important this is?
DigitalOcean Spaces : Seems like my best option for price/service, but I am still not sure
Wasabi: the best price (6 USD/MONTH/TB) and free bandwidth, but I am not sure if it fits my needs as I want to allow my users to preview audio and video files. They don't recommend their service for streaming videos.
Backblaze B2 Cloud Storage: Good price but not sure about them.
There is also the self-hosted s3 compatible option, but I am not sure about that.
Any thoughts will be helpful. Also, if you think I should post in a different sub, please tell me.
If pricing is the issue i'd suggest you use digital ocean, but if its not use amazon was digital oceans API is s3 compatible
Hello Mohammad, I am using : Cloudways >> AWS >> Bahrain for last 2 years. This is best I consider out of my 10 year research on Laravel hosting.
The problem I have is - we need to process & change(update/insert) 55M Data every 2 min and this updated data to be available for Rest API for Filtering / Selection. Response time for Rest API should be less than 1 sec.
The most important factors for me are processing and storing time of 2 min. There need to be 2 views of Data One is for Selection & 2. Changed data.
Scylla can handle 1M/s events with a simple data model quite easily. The api to query is CQL, we have REST api but that's for control/monitoring
Cassandra is quite capable of the task, in a highly available way, given appropriate scaling of the system. Remember that updates are only inserts, and that efficient retrieval is only by key (which can be a complex key). Talking of keys, make sure that the keys are well distributed.
By 55M do you mean 55 million entity changes per 2 minutes? It is relatively high, means almost 460k per second. If I had to choose between Scylla or Cassandra, I would opt for Scylla as it is promising better performance for simple operations. However, maybe it would be worth to consider yet another alternative technology. Take into consideration required consistency, reliability and high availability and you may realize that there are more suitable once. Rest API should not be the main driver, because you can always develop the API yourself, if not supported by given technology.
i love syclla for pet projects however it's license which is based on server model is an issue. thus i recommend cassandra
Minio is a free and open source object storage system. It can be self-hosted and is S3 compatible. During the early stage it would save cost and allow us to move to a different object storage when we scale up. It is also fast and easy to set up. This is very useful during development since it can be run on localhost.
We offer our customer HIPAA compliant storage. After analyzing the market, we decided to go with Google Storage. The Nodejs API is ok, still not ES6 and can be very confusing to use. For each new customer, we created a different bucket so they can have individual data and not have to worry about data loss. After 1000+ customers we started seeing many problems with the creation of new buckets, with saving or retrieving a new file. Many false positive: the Promise returned ok, but in reality, it failed.
That's why we switched to S3 that just works.
Pros of Amazon S3
- Reliable590
- Scalable492
- Cheap456
- Simple & easy329
- Many sdks83
- Logical30
- Easy Setup13
- REST API11
- 1000+ POPs11
- Secure6
- Plug and play4
- Easy4
- Web UI for uploading files3
- Faster on response2
- Flexible2
- GDPR ready2
- Easy to use1
- Plug-gable1
- Easy integration with CloudFront1
Pros of Cassandra
- Distributed119
- High performance98
- High availability81
- Easy scalability74
- Replication53
- Reliable26
- Multi datacenter deployments26
- Schema optional10
- OLTP9
- Open source8
- Workload separation (via MDC)2
- Fast1
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Cons of Amazon S3
- Permissions take some time to get right7
- Requires a credit card6
- Takes time/work to organize buckets & folders properly6
- Complex to set up3
Cons of Cassandra
- Reliability of replication3
- Size1
- Updates1
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