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  5. .NET vs JavaScript

.NET vs JavaScript

OverviewDecisionsComparisonAlternatives

Overview

.NET
.NET
Stacks15.3K
Followers5.9K
Votes1.9K
GitHub Stars21.7K
Forks4.9K
JavaScript
JavaScript
Stacks392.2K
Followers284.0K
Votes8.1K

.NET vs JavaScript: What are the differences?

Introduction

In this article, we will explore the key differences between .NET and JavaScript. These two programming languages have distinct characteristics that make them suitable for different purposes. Understanding these differences can help developers choose the appropriate language for their specific needs.

  1. Execution Environment: One of the fundamental differences between .NET and JavaScript is the execution environment. .NET is primarily used for server-side programming, where applications run on a server and process requests from clients. On the other hand, JavaScript is mainly used for client-side programming in web browsers, where it enables interactivity and dynamic content.

  2. Type System: Another significant difference lies in the type system. .NET is a statically typed language, which means that variables and objects must have their types declared at compile-time. This provides type safety and enables early error detection. JavaScript, on the other hand, is a dynamically typed language, allowing variables to be assigned values of different types during runtime. This flexibility can make JavaScript code more concise and easier to write.

  3. Object Orientation: .NET and JavaScript have different approaches to object orientation. .NET is an object-oriented programming language that follows a class-based inheritance model. Classes define blueprints for objects, which can inherit properties and behaviors from their parent classes. On the contrary, JavaScript is a prototype-based language, where objects inherit directly from other objects. This prototype-based inheritance can be more flexible and dynamic but may also lead to potential pitfalls.

  4. Standard Library: The standard library available in .NET and JavaScript also differs. .NET provides a comprehensive framework called the .NET Framework, which includes a vast range of functionalities for building various types of applications. JavaScript's standard library, on the other hand, is relatively smaller and focused on web browser interactions. However, JavaScript has a vibrant ecosystem of libraries and frameworks that compensate for its smaller standard library and enable a wide range of application development.

  5. Concurrency and Asynchrony: Concurrency and asynchrony handling in .NET and JavaScript have distinct approaches. In .NET, concurrency is typically achieved through multi-threading or utilizing the asynchronous programming model with the async and await keywords. JavaScript, on the other hand, utilizes an event-driven and single-threaded approach with the help of mechanisms like callbacks, promises, and async/await. JavaScript's event-driven model is well-suited for web browser environments and asynchronous tasks.

  6. Compilation: The compilation process also sets apart .NET and JavaScript. .NET code is compiled into an intermediate language (IL) called Common Intermediate Language (CIL) or Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL), which runs on the Common Language Runtime (CLR). This IL code is then Just-In-Time (JIT) compiled into machine code during runtime. JavaScript, however, is typically interpreted by the JavaScript engine built into web browsers. The introduction of static JavaScript compilers has made it possible to compile JavaScript code directly into machine code, but this is not the traditional approach.

In summary, .NET primarily operates on the server-side, follows a class-based inheritance model, is statically typed, has a comprehensive standard library, and handles concurrency through multi-threading or asynchronous programming. On the other hand, JavaScript is mainly used for client-side web programming, follows a prototype-based inheritance model, is dynamically typed, has a smaller standard library, and utilizes event-driven single-threaded concurrency.

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Advice on .NET, JavaScript

Andrew
Andrew

Chief Software Architect at Xelex Digital, LLC

Jun 27, 2020

Decided

In 2015 as Xelex Digital was paving a new technology path, moving from ASP.NET web services and web applications, we knew that we wanted to move to a more modular decoupled base of applications centered around REST APIs.

To that end we spent several months studying API design patterns and decided to use our own adaptation of CRUD, specifically a SCRUD pattern that elevates query params to a more central role via the Search action.

Once we nailed down the API design pattern it was time to decide what language(s) our new APIs would be built upon. Our team has always been driven by the right tool for the job rather than what we know best. That said, in balancing practicality we chose to focus on 3 options that our team had deep experience with and knew the pros and cons of.

For us it came down to C#, JavaScript, and Ruby. At the time we owned our infrastructure, racks in cages, that were all loaded with Windows. We were also at a point that we were using that infrastructure to it's fullest and could not afford additional servers running Linux. That's a long way of saying we decided against Ruby as it doesn't play nice on Windows.

That left us with two options. We went a very unconventional route for deciding between the two. We built MVP APIs on both. The interfaces were identical and interchangeable. What we found was easily quantifiable differences.

We were able to iterate on our Node based APIs much more rapidly than we were our C# APIs. For us this was owed to the community coupled with the extremely dynamic nature of JS. There were tradeoffs we considered, latency was (acceptably) higher on requests to our Node APIs. No strong types to protect us from ourselves, but we've rarely found that to be an issue.

As such we decided to commit resources to our Node APIs and push it out as the core brain of our new system. We haven't looked back since. It has consistently met our needs, scaling with us, getting better with time as continually pour into and expand our capabilities.

446k views446k
Comments
Ing. Alvaro
Ing. Alvaro

Software Systems Engineer at Ripio

May 21, 2020

Decided

Decided to change all my stack to microsoft technologies for they behave just great together. It is very easy to set up and deploy projects using visual studio and azure. Visual studio is also an amazing IDE, if not the best, when used for C#, it allows you to work in every aspect of your software.

Visual studio templates for ASP.NET MVC are the best I've found compared to django, rails, laravel, and others.

524k views524k
Comments
Muhamed
Muhamed

Apr 28, 2020

Needs adviceonPythonPythonJavaScriptJavaScriptDjangoDjango

I am currently learning web development with Python and JavaScript course by CS50 Harvard university. It covers python, Flask, Django, SQL, Travis CI, javascript,HTML ,CSS and more. I am very interested in Flutter app development. Can I know what is the difference between learning these above-mentioned frameworks vs learning flutter directly? I am planning to learn flutter so that I can do both web development and app development. Are there any perks of learning these frameworks before flutter?

737k views737k
Comments

Detailed Comparison

.NET
.NET
JavaScript
JavaScript

.NET is a general purpose development platform. With .NET, you can use multiple languages, editors, and libraries to build native applications for web, mobile, desktop, gaming, and IoT for Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and more.

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

Multiple languages: You can write .NET apps in C#, F#, or Visual Basic.; Cross Platform: Whether you're working in C#, F#, or Visual Basic, your code will run natively on any compatible OS.; Consistent API & Libraries: To extend functionality, Microsoft and others maintain a healthy package ecosystem built on .NET Standard.; Application models for web, mobile, games and more: You can build many types of apps with .NET. Some are cross-platform, and some target a specific OS or .NET implementation.; Choose your tools: The Visual Studio product family provides a great .NET development experience on Windows, Linux, and macOS. Or if you prefer, there are .NET command line tools and plugins.
-
Statistics
GitHub Stars
21.7K
GitHub Stars
-
GitHub Forks
4.9K
GitHub Forks
-
Stacks
15.3K
Stacks
392.2K
Followers
5.9K
Followers
284.0K
Votes
1.9K
Votes
8.1K
Pros & Cons
Pros
  • 273
    Tight integration with visual studio
  • 262
    Stable code
  • 191
    Great community
  • 184
    Reliable and strongly typed server side language.
  • 141
    Microsoft
Cons
  • 13
    C#
  • 12
    Too expensive to deploy and maintain
  • 8
    Microsoft itself
  • 8
    Microsoft dependable systems
  • 5
    Hard learning curve
Pros
  • 1670
    Can be used on frontend/backend
  • 1497
    It's everywhere
  • 1163
    Lots of great frameworks
  • 899
    Fast
  • 746
    Light weight
Cons
  • 24
    A constant moving target, too much churn
  • 20
    Horribly inconsistent
  • 16
    Javascript is the New PHP
  • 9
    No ability to monitor memory utilitization
  • 8
    Shows Zero output in case of ANY error
Integrations
C#
C#
Microsoft Azure
Microsoft Azure
F#
F#
Xamarin
Xamarin
Visual Basic
Visual Basic
No integrations available

What are some alternatives to .NET, JavaScript?

Node.js

Node.js

Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.

Python

Python

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

Rails

Rails

Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern.

PHP

PHP

Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.

Django

Django

Django is a high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.

Ruby

Ruby

Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming.

Laravel

Laravel

It is a web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. It attempts to take the pain out of development by easing common tasks used in the majority of web projects, such as authentication, routing, sessions, and caching.

Java

Java

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Golang

Golang

Go is expressive, concise, clean, and efficient. Its concurrency mechanisms make it easy to write programs that get the most out of multicore and networked machines, while its novel type system enables flexible and modular program construction. Go compiles quickly to machine code yet has the convenience of garbage collection and the power of run-time reflection. It's a fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

HTML5

HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.

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