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  5. C# vs F# vs Visual Basic

C# vs F# vs Visual Basic

OverviewDecisionsComparisonAlternatives

Overview

C#
C#
Stacks70.1K
Followers46.3K
Votes2.2K
Visual Basic
Visual Basic
Stacks569
Followers514
Votes8
F#
F#
Stacks779
Followers556
Votes399
GitHub Stars2.2K
Forks316

C# vs F# vs Visual Basic: What are the differences?

Introduction

In the world of programming, there are several languages to choose from, each with its own set of features and capabilities. Three popular languages used in the .NET framework are C#, F#, and Visual Basic. While all three languages can be used to develop applications, they have key differences that set them apart. In this article, we will explore the differences between C#, F#, and Visual Basic, highlighting their unique characteristics.

  1. Syntax: C# follows a C-style syntax, which is similar to languages like C and C++. It uses braces {} to define blocks of code and semicolons ; to separate statements. On the other hand, F# follows a functional programming syntax, which is more concise and expressive. It uses indentation to define blocks of code and does not require semicolons. Visual Basic, on the other hand, uses a more verbose and English-like syntax, making it easier for beginners to understand and write code.

  2. Type System: C# and Visual Basic both have a static type system, where types are checked at compile-time. This means that the types of variables, parameters, and return values must be declared and known at compile-time. F#, on the other hand, has a hybrid type system that allows for both static and dynamic typing. This means that F# can infer types automatically, allowing for more concise and flexible code.

  3. Functional Programming: While C# and Visual Basic are primarily object-oriented languages, F# is a multi-paradigm language that supports both functional and object-oriented programming. F# provides built-in support for immutability, higher-order functions, and pattern matching, which make it well-suited for functional programming tasks. This sets F# apart from C# and Visual Basic, which focus primarily on object-oriented programming.

  4. Asynchronous Programming: C# and Visual Basic both have built-in support for asynchronous programming through the use of the async and await keywords. Asynchronous programming allows applications to perform multiple tasks concurrently, improving performance and responsiveness. While F# also supports asynchronous programming, it takes a more functional approach with the use of asynchronous workflows and the Async module.

  5. Language Interoperability: C# and Visual Basic are both part of the .NET framework and can easily interoperate with each other. This means that a C# application can call Visual Basic code and vice versa. F#, on the other hand, can interoperate with both C# and Visual Basic code, thanks to its seamless integration with the .NET framework.

  6. Community and Ecosystem: C# has a large and active community, with a wide range of libraries, frameworks, and tools available. Visual Basic also has a dedicated community, although it is smaller compared to C#. F# has a more specialized community, with a focus on functional programming and data science. It has a growing ecosystem of libraries and tools, especially in the area of data analysis and machine learning.

In summary, C#, F#, and Visual Basic are three distinct languages within the .NET framework, each with its own syntax, type system, programming paradigms, and community. C# is a widely-used, object-oriented language with a large ecosystem. F# is a functional-first language that excels in data science and analysis. Visual Basic, with its English-like syntax, is often favored by beginners.

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Advice on C#, Visual Basic, F#

Andrew
Andrew

Chief Software Architect at Xelex Digital, LLC

Jun 27, 2020

Decided

In 2015 as Xelex Digital was paving a new technology path, moving from ASP.NET web services and web applications, we knew that we wanted to move to a more modular decoupled base of applications centered around REST APIs.

To that end we spent several months studying API design patterns and decided to use our own adaptation of CRUD, specifically a SCRUD pattern that elevates query params to a more central role via the Search action.

Once we nailed down the API design pattern it was time to decide what language(s) our new APIs would be built upon. Our team has always been driven by the right tool for the job rather than what we know best. That said, in balancing practicality we chose to focus on 3 options that our team had deep experience with and knew the pros and cons of.

For us it came down to C#, JavaScript, and Ruby. At the time we owned our infrastructure, racks in cages, that were all loaded with Windows. We were also at a point that we were using that infrastructure to it's fullest and could not afford additional servers running Linux. That's a long way of saying we decided against Ruby as it doesn't play nice on Windows.

That left us with two options. We went a very unconventional route for deciding between the two. We built MVP APIs on both. The interfaces were identical and interchangeable. What we found was easily quantifiable differences.

We were able to iterate on our Node based APIs much more rapidly than we were our C# APIs. For us this was owed to the community coupled with the extremely dynamic nature of JS. There were tradeoffs we considered, latency was (acceptably) higher on requests to our Node APIs. No strong types to protect us from ourselves, but we've rarely found that to be an issue.

As such we decided to commit resources to our Node APIs and push it out as the core brain of our new system. We haven't looked back since. It has consistently met our needs, scaling with us, getting better with time as continually pour into and expand our capabilities.

446k views446k
Comments
Erik
Erik

Chief Architect at LiveTiles

May 18, 2020

Decided

C# and .Net were obvious choices for us at LiveTiles given our investment in the Microsoft ecosystem. It enabled us to harness of the .Net framework to build ASP.Net MVC, WebAPI, and Serverless applications very easily. Coupled with the high productivity of Visual Studio, it's the native tongue of Microsoft technology.

614k views614k
Comments
Ing. Alvaro
Ing. Alvaro

Software Systems Engineer at Ripio

Nov 28, 2020

Decided

I was considering focusing on learning RoR and looking for a work that uses those techs.

After some investigation, I decided to stay with C# .NET:

  • It is more requested on job positions (7 to 1 in my personal searches average).

  • It's been around for longer.

  • it has better documentation and community.

  • One of Ruby advantages (its amazing community gems, that allows to quickly build parts of your systems by merely putting together third party components) gets quite complicated to use and maintain in huge applications, where building and reusing your own components may become a better approach.

  • Rail's front end support is starting to waver.

  • C# .NET code is far easier to understand, debug and maintain. Although certainly not easier to learn from scratch.

  • Though Rails has an excellent programming speed, C# tends to get the upper hand in long term projects.

I would avise to stick to rails when building small projects, and switching to C# for more long term ones.

Opinions are welcome!

399k views399k
Comments

Detailed Comparison

C#
C#
Visual Basic
Visual Basic
F#
F#

C# (pronounced "See Sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. C# has its roots in the C family of languages and will be immediately familiar to C, C++, Java, and JavaScript programmers.

Visual Basic is derived from BASIC and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects.

F# is a mature, open source, cross-platform, functional-first programming language. It empowers users and organizations to tackle complex computing problems with simple, maintainable and robust code.

Statistics
GitHub Stars
-
GitHub Stars
-
GitHub Stars
2.2K
GitHub Forks
-
GitHub Forks
-
GitHub Forks
316
Stacks
70.1K
Stacks
569
Stacks
779
Followers
46.3K
Followers
514
Followers
556
Votes
2.2K
Votes
8
Votes
399
Pros & Cons
Pros
  • 351
    Cool syntax
  • 294
    Great lambda support
  • 267
    Great generics support
  • 212
    Language integrated query (linq)
  • 181
    Extension methods
Cons
  • 15
    Poor x-platform GUI support
  • 8
    Closed source
  • 7
    Fast and secure
  • 7
    Requires DllImportAttribute for getting stuff from unma
Pros
  • 5
    ALGOL-like syntax makes code more readable
  • 3
    XML Literals
Cons
  • 4
    Specific to the microsoft platform
Pros
  • 53
    Pattern-matching
  • 42
    Makes programming fun again
  • 38
    Type providers
  • 32
    Delightful
  • 30
    Frictionless
Cons
  • 3
    Microsoft tend to ignore F# preferring to hype C#
  • 2
    Interop between C# can sometimes be difficult
  • 1
    Type Providers can be unstable in larger solutions
  • 1
    Hype
Integrations
.NET
.NET
.NET
.NET
No integrations available

What are some alternatives to C#, Visual Basic, F#?

JavaScript

JavaScript

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

Python

Python

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

PHP

PHP

Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.

Ruby

Ruby

Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming.

Java

Java

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Golang

Golang

Go is expressive, concise, clean, and efficient. Its concurrency mechanisms make it easy to write programs that get the most out of multicore and networked machines, while its novel type system enables flexible and modular program construction. Go compiles quickly to machine code yet has the convenience of garbage collection and the power of run-time reflection. It's a fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

HTML5

HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.

Scala

Scala

Scala is an acronym for “Scalable Language”. This means that Scala grows with you. You can play with it by typing one-line expressions and observing the results. But you can also rely on it for large mission critical systems, as many companies, including Twitter, LinkedIn, or Intel do. To some, Scala feels like a scripting language. Its syntax is concise and low ceremony; its types get out of the way because the compiler can infer them.

Elixir

Elixir

Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems, while also being successfully used in web development and the embedded software domain.

Swift

Swift

Writing code is interactive and fun, the syntax is concise yet expressive, and apps run lightning-fast. Swift is ready for your next iOS and OS X project — or for addition into your current app — because Swift code works side-by-side with Objective-C.

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